Passed Pawn — the silent killer of the endgame
Learn how a single pawn with no enemies ahead can win the game.
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What is a Passed Pawn?
通路兵是指在自身所在列以及相邻两列上，没有任何对方兵可以阻挡、吃掉或减缓其前进的兵。由于对手没有兵来封锁其通往升变的道路，必须动用有价值的棋子——如马、象或车——来亲自阻拦。通路兵代表着一个持续的、迫在眉睫的升变为后的威胁，经常迫使防守方采取被动、防御的姿态。它从根本上改变了棋盘的几何形态。
How It Works — Step by Step
What is a Passed Pawn?
White's d5-pawn is a passed pawn — no Black pawn on the d-file or the adjacent c- and e-files can ever block or capture it. Its path to promotion is clear; only Black's king can stop it. Black's own a- and b-pawns are not passed: White's b2-pawn stands in their way.
The Protected Passed Pawn
White's d5-pawn is passed and guarded by the c4-pawn — a protected passed pawn. Black's king can blockade it but can never capture it: the c4-pawn defends it forever. The blockading king is chained to the d-file for the rest of the game, while White's king is free to operate elsewhere.
The Outside Passed Pawn
White's a-pawn is passed and far from everything else — an outside passed pawn. Black's king must trek to the edge to stop it, and every step it takes away from the kingside leaves Black's pawns there undefended. White wins by decoy: while the a-pawn runs, White's king harvests pawns on the other wing.
Connected Passed Pawns
Connected passed pawns defend each other as they advance — on the sixth rank they are stronger than a rook. White plays 1.d7!, and the rook cannot watch both promotion squares: giving itself up for one pawn leaves the other to queen. White wins.
Passed Pawns in Your Openings
These openings frequently produce passed pawns
Famous Passed Pawn Games
卡帕布兰卡著名地牺牲了质量（用车换取轻子），以在后翼建立一个不可阻挡的通路兵，证明了一个得到良好支持的通路兵可以远比子力更有价值。
Tips for Club Players
通路兵必须推进！
通路兵是必须关在牢里的罪犯（封锁住）。
马是最好的封锁者。
联通路兵通常比车还强。
Frequently Asked Questions
Everything you need to know about Passed Pawns
通路兵是指在自身所在列或相邻列上没有对方兵阻止其前进的兵。由于没有敌方兵能封锁或吃掉它，对手被迫使用有价值的棋子，如马或车，来拦截并阻止它升变。
马是最好的封锁棋子。当马直接站在通路兵前面时，它不会被敌方兵攻击，并且保持高度活跃，控制着周围八个格子，同时成功地将兵固定在原位。
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